{"id":3813,"date":"2025-11-30T20:37:31","date_gmt":"2025-11-30T20:37:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/?p=3813"},"modified":"2025-11-30T20:37:31","modified_gmt":"2025-11-30T20:37:31","slug":"mcqs-based-on-political-science-234","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/?p=3813","title":{"rendered":"MCQs Based On Political Science- (234)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q1. Which of the following Fundamental Rights is available against private individuals as well as the State?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Article 19<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Article 17<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Article 23<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Article 21<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">View Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"padding-top:5px;color:#27302a;font-size:1.2rem;\"><b>Correct Option:<\/b> 3. Article 23. <br\/>\n<strong>Explanation:<\/strong> In general, Fundamental Rights in India are enforceable against the State, meaning the government and its authorities must not violate these rights. This is known as a vertical relationship \u2014 between the individual and the State.<br\/>\n\nHowever, some Fundamental Rights are also enforceable against private individuals, which creates a horizontal relationship \u2014 between private persons. These are exceptions to the general rule.<br\/>\n\n<b>Key Features of Article 23:<\/b><br\/>\n<b>1. Applies to both State and private individuals:<\/b><br\/>\n\n-Even if a private person forces another person into labour (without payment or against their will), it is a violation of Article 23.<br\/>\n\n-The State has a duty to prohibit and penalize such acts, but even in the absence of State involvement, private violations are punishable.<br\/>\n\n<b>2. Covers human trafficking:<\/b><br\/>\n\n-Selling or buying of human beings for immoral or exploitative purposes (like prostitution or slavery) is explicitly prohibited.<br\/>\n\n-This applies to both government officials and private individuals or syndicates.<br\/>\n\n<b>3. Includes \u2018begar\u2019:<\/b><br\/>\n\n-Begar is a system where a person is forced to work without payment. This system was historically common in colonial and feudal India.<br\/>\n\n-Article 23 outlaws this irrespective of who imposes it \u2014 government, landlord, contractor, etc.<br\/>\n\n<b>4. Does not require State action to be violated:<\/b><br\/>\n\n-For most Fundamental Rights (e.g., Article 19 \u2014 freedom of speech), the violation must come from the State.\n\n-In contrast, Article 23 can be violated by any person, so its scope is broader and directly applicable to private misconduct.\n\n<b> Judicial Support:<\/b><br\/>\nIn People&#8217;s Union for Democratic Rights v. Union of India (1982), the Supreme Court held:<br\/>\n\n-&#8220;Even private individuals, who force labor without payment or under coercion, violate Article 23. The State has a constitutional obligation to take action against such violations.&#8221;<br\/>\n\n-This case involved construction workers employed under exploitative conditions by private <br\/>contractors.<br\/>\n\n<b>Conclusion:<\/b><br\/>\n-Article 23 is distinct because it protects individuals not just from the State, but also from other private individuals or entities.<br\/>\n\n-It plays a crucial role in protecting vulnerable sections of society (like migrant laborers, bonded workers, victims of trafficking).<br\/>\n\n-That\u2019s why Article 23 is rightly called a horizontally enforceable right, and is an exception to the general verticality of Fundamental Rights.\n<\/p> <\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q2. Which Article prohibits the State from making any law that curtails Fundamental Rights?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Article 35<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Article 13(2)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Article 36<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Article 31C<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">View Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"padding-top:5px;color:#27302a;font-size:1.2rem;\"><b>Correct Option:<\/b> 2. Article 13(2). <br\/>\n<strong>Explanation:<\/strong> Article 13(2) mandates that the State shall not make any law that takes away or abridges the Fundamental Rights, making such laws void ab initio.\n<\/p> <\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q3. The doctrine of \u2018basic structure\u2019 limits the power of:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Supreme Court<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">High Court<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Parliament<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">President<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">View Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"padding-top:5px;color:#27302a;font-size:1.2rem;\"><b>Correct Option:<\/b> 3. Parliament. <br\/>\n<strong>Explanation:<\/strong> The Basic Structure Doctrine, established in Kesavananda Bharati, restricts Parliament\u2019s power to amend the Constitution under Article 368, ensuring it does not damage core principles like Fundamental Rights.\n<\/p> <\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q4. Which one of the following is NOT a ground for restricting Article 19(1)(a) &#8211; Freedom of Speech and Expression?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Decency and morality<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Public order<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Friendly relations with foreign states<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Economic development<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">View Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"padding-top:5px;color:#27302a;font-size:1.2rem;\"><b>Correct Option:<\/b> 4. Economic development. <br\/>\n<strong>Explanation:<\/strong> Article 19(2) allows reasonable restrictions on freedom of speech for reasons like public order, decency, morality, etc., but not for economic development.\n<\/p> <\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q5. Which of the following is a <strong>negative<\/strong> Fundamental Right?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Article 21 \u2013 Right to life<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Article 15 \u2013 Prohibition of discrimination<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Article 16 \u2013 Equality in employment<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Article 19 \u2013 Freedom of expression<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">View Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"padding-top:5px;color:#27302a;font-size:1.2rem;\"><b>Correct Option:<\/b> 2. Article 15 \u2013 Prohibition of discrimination. <br\/>\n<strong>Explanation:<\/strong> A negative right imposes a restriction on the State&#8217;s action. Article 15 prohibits the State from discriminating, making it a classic example of a negative obligation.\n<\/p> <\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Q1. Which of the following Fundamental Rights is available against private individuals as well as the State? View Answer Correct Option: 3. Article 23. Explanation: In general, Fundamental Rights in India are enforceable against the State, meaning the government and its authorities must not violate these rights. This is known as a vertical relationship \u2014 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[222,196,21,538,192,31,121,221,20],"class_list":["post-3813","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-political-science","tag-bank-exams","tag-basic-structure","tag-competitive-exams","tag-freedom-of-speech","tag-fundamental-rights","tag-mcq","tag-political-science","tag-rrb-exams","tag-ssc-cgl"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3813","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3813"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3813\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3820,"href":"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3813\/revisions\/3820"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3813"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3813"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3813"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}