{"id":6740,"date":"2025-12-02T18:30:08","date_gmt":"2025-12-02T18:30:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/?p=6740"},"modified":"2025-12-02T18:39:51","modified_gmt":"2025-12-02T18:39:51","slug":"short-notes-on-current-affairs-01-12-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/?p=6740","title":{"rendered":"Short notes on Current Affairs 01.12.2025"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background\">Demographic forecast of Lakshadweep Islands and A&amp;N Islands<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Context<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:17px\">\u25c6 Population projections for Lakshadweep and the Andaman &amp; Nicobar Islands.<br>\u25c6 Based on the report \u201cUnravelling India\u2019s demographic future: 2021\u20132051.\u201d<br>\u25c6 Prepared by International Institute of Migration and Development (IIMAD) and the Population Foundation of India (PFI).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Key Findings<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Lakshadweep<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:17px\">\u27a4 Total population: 67,642 (2016) \u2192 74,194 (2051) (+9.68%)<br>\u27a4 Males: 34,716 \u2192 37,785<br>\u27a4 Females: 32,926 \u2192 36,319<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Andaman &amp; Nicobar Islands<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:17px\">\u27a4 Total population: 3,98,310 (2016) \u2192 4,21,135 (2051) (+5.73%)<br>\u27a4 Males: 2,13,467 \u2192 2,26,139<br>\u27a4 Females: 1,84,843 \u2192 1,94,996<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Methodology<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:17px\">\u25cf Smaller States\/UTs show inconsistent and erratic decadal growth, making traditional demographic projections unreliable.<br>\u25cf Sample Registration System (SRS) data gaps further complicate projections.<br>\u25cf Hence, the report uses:<br>\u2003\u25aa Logistic curve-fitting methods<br>\u2003\u25aa Mathematical modelling to generate more stable long-term projections.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Data Sources Used<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:17px\">\u2726 Census of India<br>\u2726 Sample Registration System (SRS)<br>\u2726 National Family Health Survey (NFHS)<br>\u2726 Civil Registration System (CRS)<br>\u2726 National Sample Survey (NSS)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Significance<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u25ba Helps policymakers understand demographic shifts in remote island territories.<br>\u25ba Useful for planning <strong>infrastructure, healthcare, education, and resource management<\/strong>.<br>\u25ba Indicates <strong>moderate but steady growth<\/strong>, important for environmental and development considerations in ecologically sensitive islands.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background\">Pancreatic Cancer thrives in low oxygen &#8211; IIT Bombay<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why this research matters?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Pancreatic cancers grow in low-oxygen (<strong>hypoxic<\/strong>) environments.<br>\u2022 Hypoxia is known to worsen cancer behaviour, but its effect on <strong>cell membranes<\/strong> was unclear.<br>\u2022 Membrane properties influence how easily cancer cells <strong>move and metastasise<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Main discovery<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Hypoxia <strong>increases the migration<\/strong> of pancreatic cancer cells by altering their <strong>lipid composition<\/strong> and <strong>mechanical properties<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What the researchers found?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Hypoxia reshapes the membrane lipidome<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 The plasma membrane\u2019s lipid mix controls stiffness, flexibility, and the cell\u2019s ability to change shape.<br>\u2022 Under hypoxia, cells modify lipids to stay <strong>flexible and mobile<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Two pancreatic cancer cell lines show different responses<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">PANC-1<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Hypoxia <strong>reduces cortical stiffness<\/strong> (lower actin content).<br>\u2022 Stiffening lipids are <strong>moved inward<\/strong> to organelles.<br>\u2022 Plasma membrane stays <strong>more fluid and malleable<\/strong>, allowing easier migration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">CAPAN-2<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Hypoxia <strong>increases cortical stiffness<\/strong> (opposite of PANC-1).<br>\u2022 Cells <strong>add more membrane material<\/strong> to the surface to remain flexible.<br>\u2022 Some stiffening lipids increase in the membrane, but only <strong>locally<\/strong>, so overall flexibility is maintained.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Key insight<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Despite different strategies, <strong>both cell types become more migratory<\/strong> under hypoxia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why this is important?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Cancer cells can actively <strong>restructure their membranes<\/strong> to adapt to hypoxic stress.<br>\u2022 Hypoxia triggers physical changes (stiffness, fluidity, lipid shifts) that <strong>support metastasis<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Understanding these changes may help develop <strong>membrane-targeted anti-cancer therapies<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Future directions<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Study how hypoxia affects membrane properties in <strong>other cancer types<\/strong>.<br>\u2022 Use <strong>solid-state NMR<\/strong> to measure how lipid packing and membrane order change under hypoxia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Demographic forecast of Lakshadweep Islands and A&amp;N Islands 1. Context \u25c6 Population projections for Lakshadweep and the Andaman &amp; Nicobar Islands.\u25c6 Based on the report \u201cUnravelling India\u2019s demographic future: 2021\u20132051.\u201d\u25c6 Prepared by International Institute of Migration and Development (IIMAD) and the Population Foundation of India (PFI). 2. Key Findings Lakshadweep \u27a4 Total population: 67,642 (2016) [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[592],"tags":[595,222,21,22,593,594,31,596,221],"class_list":["post-6740","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-short-notes","tag-an-island","tag-bank-exams","tag-competitive-exams","tag-current-affairs","tag-demographic-forecast","tag-lakshadweep-island","tag-mcq","tag-pancreatic-cancer","tag-rrb-exams"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6740","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6740"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6740\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6790,"href":"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6740\/revisions\/6790"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6740"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6740"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6740"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}