{"id":8129,"date":"2026-02-11T13:02:23","date_gmt":"2026-02-11T13:02:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/?p=8129"},"modified":"2026-02-11T13:02:24","modified_gmt":"2026-02-11T13:02:24","slug":"short-notes-on-current-affairs-02-02-2026","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/?p=8129","title":{"rendered":"Short notes on Current Affairs 02.02.2026"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background\">Sacred exposition of the Devnimori Relics of Lord Buddha<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Overview &amp; Context<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">India will undertake a sacred exposition of the Devnimori Relics of Lord Buddha in Sri Lanka from 4\u201310 February 2026, with return on 11 February 2026.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The exposition represents a significant act of spiritual outreach and cultural diplomacy, reaffirming India\u2019s role as the birthplace of Buddhism.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The relics are currently housed at <strong>The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Diplomatic &amp; Civilisational Significance<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The journey underscores India\u2019s civilisational responsibility as a custodian of global Buddhist heritage.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">It reinforces deep spiritual, cultural, and people-to-people ties between India and Sri Lanka.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The exposition serves as a soft power initiative, complementing formal diplomacy with emotional and cultural resonance.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">It aligns with India\u2019s people-centric foreign policy and vision for peace, stability, and cooperative coexistence in South Asia and the Indian Ocean region.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>High-Level Delegation &amp; State Honours<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The relics will be accompanied by a <strong>high-level Indian delegation<\/strong>, including:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Shri Acharya Devvrat<\/strong>, Governor of Gujarat<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Shri Harsh Sanghavi<\/strong>, Deputy Chief Minister of Gujarat<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Senior Buddhist monks and government officials<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The relics will travel aboard a <strong>special Indian Air Force aircraft with full state honours<\/strong>, reflecting their sanctity.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The delegation will participate in:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Formal inauguration ceremonies<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Religious observances<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Official and cultural engagements in Colombo<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Exhibitions highlighting India\u2019s Buddhist legacy and contemporary cultural engagement<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Venue in Sri Lanka<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The Holy Relics will be enshrined at <strong>Gangaramaya Temple, Colombo<\/strong>, a major Buddhist spiritual and cultural institution.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Founded in the late 19th century by Venerable Hikkaduwe Sri Sumangala Nayaka Thera, the temple is:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A centre of worship, learning, and cultural exchange<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>An iconic and revered site within Sri Lanka\u2019s Buddhist landscape<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The exposition is expected to deeply resonate with Sri Lankan devotees, where Buddhism shapes daily life and cultural identity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Origin &amp; Archaeological Importance of the Devnimori Relics<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The relics originate from the <strong>Devnimori archaeological site<\/strong> near Shamlaji in Gujarat\u2019s Aravalli district.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Excavated in <strong>1957<\/strong> by <strong>Prof. S. N. Chowdhry<\/strong>, the site revealed:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Significant Buddhist structures<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Evidence of the flourishing of Buddhism in western India during the early Common Era<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The relics are both:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A priceless archaeological treasure<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A living symbol of Buddha\u2019s teachings of peace, compassion, and harmony<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Description of the Relic Casket &amp; Contents<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"134\" height=\"118\" src=\"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/devnmogri-relics.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8135\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.1356111773275064;width:225px;height:auto\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Source: PIB<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The relic casket was found 24 feet above the base of the Devnimori Stupa.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Made of green schist, inscribed in Brahmi script and Sanskrit with the phrase:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>\u201cdashabala sharira nilay\u201d<\/em> \u2014 \u201cthe abode of the Buddha\u2019s bodily relic\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The casket consists of three parts:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Body<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lid<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Knob with rounded top (dimensions precisely recorded)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Inside the casket:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A <strong>copper box<\/strong> containing holy ashes and organic material<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Silk cloth<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Beads<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A gold-coated silver-copper amphora-like bottle with a screw-type lid<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Black clay used as a protective covering<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"94\" height=\"146\" src=\"https:\/\/mehnatt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/devnmogri-relics1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8136\" style=\"aspect-ratio:0.6438664097623635;width:137px;height:auto\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Source: PIB<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Conservation &amp; Preservation<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The Holy Relics are currently housed in a sealed, air-tight glass desiccator.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The relics and associated objects rest on a cotton base to prevent deterioration.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">This reflects India\u2019s commitment to scientific preservation and respectful custodianship.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Cultural Diplomacy &amp; Soft Power Impact<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The exposition strengthens people-to-people connections between India and Sri Lanka.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">It enhances mutual trust and reinforces shared values rooted in Buddhism.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The initiative positions India as a responsible global custodian of Buddhist heritage.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">It contributes to regional harmony and cultural leadership in South Asia.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Continuity with India\u2019s Global Buddhist Outreach<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The Sri Lanka exposition builds on India\u2019s tradition of exhibiting sacred Buddhist relics internationally.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Similar expositions have taken place in:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Thailand<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mongolia<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vietnam<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Russian Federation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bhutan<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">These exhibitions have attracted millions of devotees worldwide.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The initiative follows the <strong>recent repatriation of the Piprahwa Jewel Relics<\/strong>, celebrated as a national homecoming.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Broader Message &amp; Conclusion<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The exposition conveys the universal values of <strong>Buddha Dhamma<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Non-violence<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Compassion<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Coexistence<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">It symbolizes:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Peace and shared spiritual inheritance<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The enduring friendship between India and Sri Lanka<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Centuries-old civilisational ties rooted in mutual respect<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The journey of the Devnimori Relics stands as a <strong>powerful fusion of faith, heritage, and diplomacy<\/strong> on the regional and global stage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background\">Gyan Bharatam<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Overview &amp; Policy Context<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Gyan Bharatam is a flagship initiative of the Ministry of Culture (MoC), Government of India.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Announced in the Union Budget 2025\u201326.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Aims to <strong>unearth, safeguard, preserve, and digitally integrate India\u2019s vast manuscript heritage<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Seeks to balance cultural preservation with human capital development, ensuring intergenerational transmission of ancient knowledge.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Financial Outlay<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The <strong>Standing Finance Committee (SFC)<\/strong> has sanctioned <strong>\u20b9491.66 crore<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Funding period: <strong>2025\u20132031<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Resources are earmarked for infrastructure, digitization, conservation, research, and outreach activities.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Core Focus Areas (Five Verticals)<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Survey and Cataloguing<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Nationwide identification and documentation of manuscripts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Conservation and Capacity Building<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Physical preservation of manuscripts and training of conservation professionals.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Technology and Digitization<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>High-quality digital imaging, storage, and AI-enabled platforms.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Linguistics and Translation<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Deciphering, translating, and contextualizing manuscripts across languages and scripts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Research, Publication, and Outreach<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Academic research, public dissemination, and global accessibility of knowledge.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Institutional Framework<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Establishment of a nationwide network of Cluster Centres (CCs) and Independent Centres (ICs).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">These centres act as operational hubs for survey, conservation, digitization, and research.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">A list of onboarded CCs and ICs has been annexed by the Ministry.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Progress &amp; Coverage<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>45 centres<\/strong> have been onboarded to implement activities across the five verticals.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>20 States \/ Union Territories<\/strong> have been onboarded as Nodal Coordinating Authorities for state-level implementation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">A survey application has been developed and shared with stakeholders for feedback.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Digitization Achievements<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Over 7.5 lakh manuscripts have been digitized under the initiative.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">1.29 lakh manuscripts are currently accessible on the <strong>Gyan Bharatam Portal<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/gyanbharatam.com\"><strong>https:\/\/gyanbharatam.com<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Technical Standards for Digitization<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Imaging Standards<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Minimum 400 DP<strong>I<\/strong>, 24-bit colour scanning (600 DPI where required).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use of non-destructive face-up overhead scanners with cold light.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Post-Processing<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>De-skewing, cropping, light equalization.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Removal of digital noise (worm marks, stains) without compromising colour integrity.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>100% manual quality verification.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>File Formats<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Master files: <strong>TIFF v 6.0 (LZW compressed)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Access copies: <strong>JPEG<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Searchable copies: <strong>PDF\/A with indelible watermark<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Metadata &amp; Cataloguing Framework<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Multi-layered metadata structure including:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Descriptive metadata<\/strong> (content)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Structural metadata<\/strong> (navigation)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Technical metadata<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Administrative metadata<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Metadata fields cover:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Manuscript content, language, script, region, conservation status<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Source institution, creation date, digital version details<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>File format, compression technology, object relationships<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Metadata is supplied in <strong>CSV and XML formats<\/strong> with each digitization batch.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Digital Infrastructure &amp; Preservation<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Development of a fully functional, AI-integrated digital platform and mobile application.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Integration with the National Digital Repository (NDR) for global access.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Long-term digital preservation through:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>LTO-9 tape storage<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cloud-based backup<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Disaster recovery and cybersecurity systems<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Technical Partnerships<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Technical partners have been onboarded for:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Metadata creation and NDR integration<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Deployment of scanners and digitization equipment<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Platform and mobile app development<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Hot, cold, and cloud storage hosting<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Long-term archival and disaster recovery management<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Conservation &amp; Capacity Building Measures<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">A <strong>detailed manual on manuscript preservation and conservation<\/strong> has been prepared.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The manual has been shared with leading conservation experts for review and feedback.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Focus on building skilled manpower for long-term sustainability.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Governance &amp; Parliamentary Disclosure<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The information was provided by Union Minister for Culture and Tourism Shri Gajendra Singh Shekhawat.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The disclosure was made through a written reply in the Lok Sabha, indicating parliamentary oversight and transparency.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Overall Significance<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Gyan Bharatam represents a systemic, technology-driven approach to preserving India\u2019s manuscript heritage.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">It combines heritage conservation, digital innovation, academic research, and public access.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The initiative positions India as a global knowledge hub while safeguarding its civilizational memory for future generations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background\">\u2018Miniratna Category-I\u2019 status to Yantra India Limited (YIL)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. Major Decision<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Raksha Mantri Rajnath Singh approved the grant of \u2018Miniratna Category-I\u2019 status to <strong>Yantra India Limited (YIL)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The approval recognises YIL\u2019s strong financial and operational performance within a short span since corporatisation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">It reflects the Government\u2019s confidence in YIL\u2019s management and growth trajectory.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. Institutional Background<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">YIL was formed after the corporatisation of the Ordnance Factory Board (OFB) on October 1, 2021.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">OFB was restructured into seven new Defence Public Sector Undertakings (DPSUs).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">YIL is:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A Schedule \u2018A\u2019 DPSU<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Functioning under the Department of Defence Production<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Earlier (May 2025), three other DPSUs were granted Miniratna Category-I status:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Munitions India Limited<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Armoured Vehicles Nigam Limited<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>India Optel Limited<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. Financial &amp; Operational Performance<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A. Revenue Growth<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Sales increased from:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u20b9956.32 crore (FY 2021\u201322, H2)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>To \u20b93,108.79 crore (FY 2024\u201325)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Indicates more than <strong>threefold growth<\/strong> in a short period.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B. Export Performance<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Exports grew from:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u20b90 (FY 2021\u201322, H2)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>To \u20b9321.77 crore (FY 2024\u201325)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Marks successful entry into international defence markets.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C. Key Product Portfolio<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Carbon fibre composites<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Glass composites<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Aluminium alloys<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Assembly products for:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Medium &amp; large calibre ammunition<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Armoured vehicles<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Artillery guns<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Main Battle Tanks (MBTs)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. Significance of Miniratna Category-I Status<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A. Enhanced Financial Autonomy<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>YIL\u2019s Board can now:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Approve capital expenditure up to \u20b9500 crore<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">For new projects, modernisation, equipment purchase<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Without prior Government approval<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B. Strategic Implications<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Faster decision-making<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Greater flexibility in investments<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Accelerated expansion and technological upgradation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Strengthened competitiveness in defence production<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>5. Policy &amp; Reform Context<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The corporatisation of OFB aimed to:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Enhance functional autonomy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Improve efficiency<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Promote innovation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ensure financial accountability<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The Miniratna status signals that corporatisation reforms are yielding measurable results.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>6. Alignment with National Strategy<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:17px\">The decision supports the Government\u2019s broader defence and industrial policy goals:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Aatmanirbhar Bharat (Self-Reliant India)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Reduction of defence import dependence<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Boost to indigenous defence manufacturing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Promotion of domestic industry participation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Strengthening defence exports<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Positioning India as a global defence manufacturing hub<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background\">India AI Impact Summit 2026<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. Event Overview<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">India AI Impact Summit 2026 to be held in <strong>New Delhi (February 16\u201320, 2026)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Expected to be the largest among the four global AI summits held so far.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Reflects growing global momentum around:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Responsible AI<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Inclusive AI<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Impact-driven AI governance<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. Scale of Participation<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A. Registrations &amp; Global Interest<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Over <strong>35,000 registrations<\/strong> received ahead of the event.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Participation expected from <strong>100+ countries<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B. High-Level Representation<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>15\u201320 Heads of Government<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>50+ Ministers<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>40+ CEOs<\/strong> of major Indian and global companies<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>500+ leading AI experts<\/strong>, innovators, researchers, and CTOs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C. Startup &amp; Ecosystem Engagement<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Showcase of <strong>500+ AI startups<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Around <strong>500 sessions<\/strong> alongside the main programme<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">One of the most comprehensive AI-focused global gatherings<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Pre-Summit Engagement<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Over <strong>1,300 proposals<\/strong> received for pre-Summit events.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>500+ pre-Summit events<\/strong> already conducted across:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Various sectors<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Multiple regions (India and globally)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Summit framework includes <strong>7 flagship events<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Collective engagement of <strong>3,00,000+ participants<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Indicates strong national and international stakeholder involvement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. Evolution of the Global AI Summit Process<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:17px\">The Summit builds upon previous global AI engagements:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Bletchley Park (UK)<\/strong> \u2013 Focus on AI risks<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Seoul<\/strong> \u2013 Emphasis on ethics and inclusion<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Paris<\/strong> \u2013 Operationalisation of shared AI principles<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>India (2026)<\/strong> \u2013 Focus on implementation and real-world impact<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Marks a shift from:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Risk awareness \u2192 Ethical principles \u2192 Operational frameworks \u2192 Execution &amp; outcomes<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>5. India\u2019s Strategic Positioning<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Demonstrates India\u2019s growing leadership role in global AI governance.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Aligns with India\u2019s broader digital governance and technology diplomacy strategy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Positions India as:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A responsible AI advocate<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A bridge between developed and developing nations<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A key voice in shaping global AI norms<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>6. Core Focus Areas<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Translating AI vision into execution<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Ensuring AI outcomes deliver real-world impact<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Promoting:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Responsible innovation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Inclusive access<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Global cooperation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ethical AI deployment<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>7. Administrative &amp; Logistical Details<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Official website: <strong>impact.indiaai.gov.in<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Media accreditation:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mandatory for coverage<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Applications through official portal<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Deadline: <strong>8 February 2026<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>8. Overall Significance<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Largest AI summit hosted so far in the global process.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Reflects increasing global institutionalisation of AI governance.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Reinforces India\u2019s role as:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A technology leader<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A policy shaper<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A convenor of multilateral dialogue on emerging technologies<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Signals transition from principle-setting to <strong>action-oriented global AI cooperation<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background\">Progress of Jal Jivan Mission<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. Overview of Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM)<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Launched by the Government of India in partnership with States\/UTs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Objective: Provide functional tap water connections to every rural household at <strong>55 litres per capita per day (BIS:10500 standard)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Progress:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>August 2019: 3.24 crore connections (16.71%)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>January 29, 2026: 15.79 crore connections (81.57%)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Achievements: 189 districts and 2,50,021 villages reported \u201cHar Ghar Jal\u201d as of December 31, 2024.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. Impact and Benefits<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A. Health &amp; Social Benefits<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>WHO estimates<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Saves 5.5 crore women-hours daily spent on water collection<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Prevents ~400,000 deaths from diarrheal diseases<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Prof. Michael Kremer<\/strong>: Could reduce under-five child mortality by ~30%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B. Economic &amp; Employment Benefits<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>IIM Bangalore &amp; ILO research<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Millions of person-years of direct and indirect employment expected through Mission phases<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Positive social, health, and economic transformation in rural areas<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. Community Participation<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Village Water and Sanitation Committee (VWSC) \/ Paani Samiti \/ User Group<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>10\u201315 members per committee<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>50% women, elected panchayat members \u226425%, SC\/ST representation proportional to population<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Jal Sanchay Jan Bhagidari (JSJB)<\/strong>: Launched under Jal Shakti Abhiyan (Catch the Rain campaign) on 6 September 2024\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Focus: Community-driven water conservation, low-cost artificial recharge structures<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Promotes participation from local communities, industries, and stakeholders<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. Water Quality Monitoring &amp; Surveillance (WQM&amp;S)<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>2% of annual funds<\/strong> allocated by States\/UTs for WQM&amp;S<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Activities include:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Laboratory strengthening<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Community testing via Field Test Kits (FTKs)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Training for women (24.80 lakh trained so far)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Infrastructure<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>2,868 testing laboratories<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1,704 NABL-accredited<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Transparency<\/strong>: JJM Dashboard \u201cCitizen Corner\u201d provides:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Village-level water quality results<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Grievance redressal<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>5. Implementation &amp; Monitoring<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Strategies include:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Saturation plans<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Regular reviews<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Field visits for technical support<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Budgetary support<\/strong>: Mission extended to <strong>December 2028<\/strong> in Union Budget 2025\u201326<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background\">Employment Trends<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. Employment Trends<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Employment data is collected through the <strong>Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS)<\/strong> by <strong>MoSPI<\/strong> since 2017-18.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Survey period: <strong>July to June<\/strong> annually.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Worker Population Ratio (WPR)<\/strong> (usual status, age 15+) trends:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>2017-18: <strong>46.8%<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2023-24: <strong>58.2%<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Indicates a <strong>rising trend in employment<\/strong> in India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. Skill Development Initiatives \u2013 Skill India Mission (SIM)<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Implemented by Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Focus: Skill, re-skill, and up-skill training to make youth future-ready.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Key schemes under SIM:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jan Shikshan Sansthan (JSS)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Craftsmen Training Scheme (CTS) via ITIs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Coverage: All sections of society across the country.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. Support for Unorganised Workers \u2013 e-Shram Portal<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Launched on 26 August 2021 by Ministry of Labour &amp; Employment.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Purpose: Create a comprehensive database of unorganised workers (including platform and migrant workers).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Provides Universal Account Number (UAN) on self-declaration basis.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">One-Stop Solution: Integration of social security\/welfare schemes, allowing workers to access benefits through a single platform.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Database size: 31+ crore unorganised workers registered.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. Labour Reforms \u2013 Four Labour Codes<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Codes formulated and implemented from 21 November 2025:\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Code on Wages, 2019<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Industrial Relations Code, 2020<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Code on Social Security, 2020<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Objectives:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Simplification &amp; rationalisation of 29 previous Labour Acts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use of technology for transparency and accountability.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Enhanced protection for workers, including unorganised workers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>5. National Career Service (NCS) Portal<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">A <strong>one-stop platform<\/strong> for career-related services:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Job search and matching (government &amp; private sector)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Career counselling, vocational guidance<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Skill development &amp; training courses<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Integration:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>With <strong>e-Shram portal<\/strong> to provide jobs to unorganised workers and gig\/platform workers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Partnerships: <strong>35+ MoUs<\/strong> signed with private platforms (Swiggy, Zomato, Amazon, Zepto) to provide gig economy jobs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>6. Employment Linked Incentive (ELI) Scheme<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Name: Pradhan Mantri Viksit Bharat Rozgar Yojana<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Focus: Employment generation, employability enhancement, social security.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Special emphasis: Manufacturing sector<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Outlay: Rs 99,446 crore<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Goal: Create 3.5+ crore jobs over 2 years<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>7. Key Takeaways<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Government is simultaneously focusing on:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Employment generation (ELI scheme, NCS portal, gig economy integration)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Skill development &amp; employability (Skill India Mission, PMKVY, ITIs, NAPS)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Labour reforms &amp; social security (Four Labour Codes, e-Shram)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Integration of technology platforms ensures efficiency, transparency, and greater reach.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Holistic approach includes both formal and informal\/unorganised sectors, addressing modern workforce needs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background\">e-Shram Portal<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. Overview of e-Shram Portal<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Launched by Ministry of Labour and Employment on 26 August 2021.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Objective: Create a comprehensive National Database of Unorganised Workers (NDUW).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Provides registered workers a Universal Account Number (UAN) on a self-declaration basis.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Registrations as of 26 January 2026: <strong>31.48 crore unorganised workers<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. e-Shram \u2013 \u201cOne-Stop-Solution\u201d<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Launched on 21 October 2024 in line with Budget 2024-25 vision.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Integrates multiple social security and welfare schemes at a single portal.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Allows e-Shram cardholders to access benefits and track utilization of services.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. Key Integrated Schemes<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:17px\">14 central schemes already integrated with e-Shram include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>PMSVANidhi<\/strong> \u2013 Street Vendors<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>PMSBY<\/strong> \u2013 Accidental Insurance<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>PMJJBY<\/strong> \u2013 Life Insurance<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>MGNREGS<\/strong> \u2013 Rural Employment<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>PMAY-G<\/strong> \u2013 Rural Housing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>AB-PMJAY<\/strong> \u2013 Health Insurance<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>PMAY-U<\/strong> \u2013 Urban Housing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>PMMSY<\/strong> \u2013 Fisheries<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>PM-KISAN<\/strong> \u2013 Income Support for Farmers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>ONORC<\/strong> \u2013 One Nation One Ration Card<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>PMMVY<\/strong> \u2013 Maternal Benefits<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:17px\">Other linkages:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>NCS (National Career Service)<\/strong> \u2013 Job opportunities<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Skill India Digital Hub (SIDH)<\/strong> \u2013 Skill development<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>PM-SYM<\/strong> \u2013 Pension scheme<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Convergence portal of MoHUA<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. Registration and Outreach Strategy<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Self-registration:<\/strong> Web portal &amp; mobile application.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Assisted registration:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Common Service Centres (CSCs)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>State Sewa Kendras (SSKs)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>UMANG platform<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Awareness campaigns:<\/strong> Registration drives, community outreach, locally tailored communications.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Social media use:<\/strong> Dissemination of videos, tutorials, and informative content to engage workers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>5. Mobile Application<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Launched:<\/strong> 24 February 2025<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Purpose: Real-time access to e-Shram services and integrated welfare schemes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Enhances convenience, accessibility, and coverage for unorganised workers, including:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Migrant labourers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Construction workers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Agricultural labourers<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>6. Key Takeaways<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>e-Shram portal<\/strong> is central to social security, welfare, skill development, and employment access for unorganised workers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Integration with 14 central schemes and platforms like NCS, SIDH, PM-SYM ensures holistic support.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Multi-channel registration and outreach strategy improves coverage and accessibility.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Mobile application strengthens real-time access, convenience, and empowerment of unorganised workers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background\">PM-SETU Scheme<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Overview of PM-SETU<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Full form:<\/strong> Pradhan Mantri Skilling and Employability Transformation through Upgraded ITIs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Purpose:<\/strong> Upgrade vocational education infrastructure and training quality to improve employability.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Focus:<\/strong> ITIs and NSTIs (National Skill Training Institute); not a dedicated startup or early-stage enterprise support program.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Key Objectives<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Improve training delivery quality in ITIs and NSTIs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Modernize infrastructure and equipment to meet industry standards.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Introduce industry-aligned long-term and short-term courses, especially in emerging sectors.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Strengthen industry linkages for demand-driven skilling and better employment outcomes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Enhance capacity of NSTIs for training trainers (advanced skill development).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Scheme Components<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Component I \u2013 Upgradation of ITIs<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Scope:<\/strong> 1,000 Government ITIs (200 Hub ITIs + 800 Spoke ITIs).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Model:<\/strong> Hub &amp; Spoke.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Upgradation includes:<\/strong> Smart classrooms, modern labs, digital content, new courses aligned to industry needs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Component II \u2013 Capacity Augmentation of NSTIs<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Scope:<\/strong> Five NSTIs \u2013 Bhubaneswar, Chennai, Hyderabad, Kanpur, Ludhiana.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Focus:<\/strong> Sector-specific National Centres of Excellence; advanced training for trainers with global collaboration.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Governance &amp; Implementation<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>National Steering Committee (NSC):<\/strong> Chaired by Secretary, MSDE; sets overall vision, policy direction, operational guidelines, monitoring.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>State Steering Committee (SSC):<\/strong> Chaired by Chief Secretary; oversees implementation at State\/UT level.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>State\/UT Role:<\/strong> Select ITIs for upgradation in consultation with industry; submit proposals\/RFPs to involve industry.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Industry Linkage:<\/strong> Central to scheme; ensures training meets local industrial and emerging skill needs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Focus on Employability<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Industry-led governance ensures demand-driven skills.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Supports self-employment indirectly by giving learners exposure to real work environments, career guidance, and placement support.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Does not provide direct financial support for startups or early-stage enterprises.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Key Takeaways<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">PM-SETU strengthens ITI and NSTI ecosystem through infrastructure, industry-aligned training, and governance reforms.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Hub &amp; Spoke model promotes centralized hubs supporting multiple smaller ITIs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Focus is on employability, skill relevance, and trainer capacity, not entrepreneurship funding.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Success depends heavily on industry collaboration and State\/UT participation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background\">National Skill Training Institute<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is NSTI?<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">NSTIs are premier government training institutes under the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Their main role is to train trainers and provide advanced vocational training to meet industry standards.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">They act as centers for high-quality skill development in emerging and traditional sectors.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Role in PM-SETU<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">PM-SETU includes Capacity Augmentation of five NSTIs located in Bhubaneswar, Chennai, Hyderabad, Kanpur, and Ludhiana.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Objectives under PM-SETU:\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Upgrade infrastructure and training facilities.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Set up sector-specific National Centres of Excellence for skill development.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Provide advanced training of trainers, including global collaboration for best practices.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Support industry-aligned vocational training, indirectly improving employability outcomes.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Key Points About NSTI<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Focused on training trainers, unlike ITIs which primarily train students.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Acts as a hub for innovation and high-quality skill programs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Enhances the capacity and quality of vocational training across the country.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background\"><strong>PAIMANA<\/strong> \u2013 Project Assessment Infrastructure Monitoring and Analytics for Nation-Building.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Overview<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Ministry:<\/strong> Ministry of Statistics &amp; Programme Implementation (MoSPI)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Purpose:<\/strong> Monitor Central Sector Infrastructure Projects costing \u20b9150 crore and above.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>New System:<\/strong> <strong>PAIMANA<\/strong> \u2013 Project Assessment Infrastructure Monitoring and Analytics for Nation-Building.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Launch Date:<\/strong> 25th September 2025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Replaces:<\/strong> OCMS-2006 (Online Computerized Monitoring System).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Key Principle:<\/strong> \u201c<strong>One Data, One Entry<\/strong>\u201d \u2013 avoids duplicate data entry.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Integration &amp; Functionality<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Integration:<\/strong> PAIMANA is linked with DPIIT\u2019s IPMP (Integrated Project Monitoring Portal) via APIs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Data Flow:<\/strong> Central Ministries\/Departments\/Project Implementing Agencies update IPMP \u2192 Data automatically flows to PAIMANA.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Automation:<\/strong> About 60% of projects from Road Transport &amp; Highways, Petroleum &amp; Natural Gas, and Coal are updated automatically.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Output:<\/strong> Web-generated flash reports and analytical dashboards are available at <a href=\"https:\/\/ipm.mospi.gov.in\/ReportPage\">https:\/\/ipm.mospi.gov.in\/ReportPage<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Coverage<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Project Count:<\/strong> 1,392 projects nationwide.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Original Cost:<\/strong> \u20b929.68 lakh crore.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Cumulative Expenditure:<\/strong> \u20b919.01 lakh crore.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Ministries\/Departments Covered (17+2 onboarded):<\/strong>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ministry of Road Transport and Highways<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ministry of Power<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ministry of Civil Aviation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ministry of Petroleum &amp; Natural Gas<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Department of Telecommunications<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ministry of Coal<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ministry of Railways<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ministry of Steel<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Department of Water Resources, River Development &amp; Ganga Rejuvenation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ministry of Mines<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ministry of Housing &amp; Urban Affairs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Department of Higher Education<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ministry of Health &amp; Family Welfare<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Department of Sports (recently onboarded)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ministry of Labour &amp; Employment (recently onboarded)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Key Features<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Centralized Data Repository:<\/strong> Captures project progress nationwide.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Automated &amp; Web-Generated Reports:<\/strong> Reduces manual entry and human error.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Analytical Capabilities:<\/strong> Enables one-click analytics for decision-making.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Stakeholder Coordination:<\/strong> Monthly review meetings for evidence-based monitoring.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Future Enhancements:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Improved reports<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Simplified input forms<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Advanced analytics<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Onboarding of more stakeholders\/projects<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Significance<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Efficiency:<\/strong> Automated updates and centralized repository streamline monitoring.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Transparency:<\/strong> Real-time tracking of large infrastructure projects costing \u20b9150 crore and above.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Decision Support:<\/strong> Facilitates evidence-based project monitoring for Central Ministries\/Departments.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Scalability:<\/strong> PAIMANA is being expanded to cover more projects and stakeholders, ensuring continuous improvement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Key Takeaways<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">PAIMANA is a technology-enabled monitoring platform that replaces manual project tracking.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">It integrates multiple portals (IPMP) for real-time project data updates.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Currently tracks 1,392 projects with \u20b929.68 lakh crore investment.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Focuses on accuracy, automation, analytical reporting, and governance efficiency.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background\">India as a Global Biopharma Hub<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. Strategic Context and Policy Direction<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The Union Budget 2026\u201327 marks a strategic pivot toward biopharma and biologics as central pillars of India\u2019s healthcare and manufacturing agenda.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The objective is to:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Position India as a global biopharma hub<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Capture 5% of the global biopharmaceutical market<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Transition from a generics-led model to an innovation-driven pharmaceutical economy<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The shift is driven by:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Rising burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cancer, diabetes, and autoimmune disorders<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Increasing global reliance on biologics and biosimilars<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. What is Biopharma?<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Biopharma refers to medicines developed using <strong>living biological systems<\/strong> (cells, microbes, fungi, etc.) rather than chemical synthesis.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Includes:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vaccines<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Monoclonal antibodies<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gene and cell therapies<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Recombinant proteins<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Modern insulin<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Biosimilars<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Biologics are:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>More complex than conventional drugs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>More targeted in action<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Essential for treating chronic and complex diseases<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. Biopharma SHAKTI Initiative (Union Budget 2026\u201327)<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Financial Commitment<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">\u20b910,000 crore outlay over five years.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Core Objectives<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Strengthen domestic development and manufacturing of biologics.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Reduce import dependence.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Improve India\u2019s integration into global biologics supply chains.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Build a comprehensive end-to-end ecosystem.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Key Components<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Expansion of NIPER network<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>3 new NIPERs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Upgradation of 7 existing institutes<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Focus on specialised workforce development.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Clinical Research Infrastructure<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1,000+ accredited clinical trial sites proposed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Improve India\u2019s global standing in advanced clinical research.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Regulatory Strengthening<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Enhance CDSCO capacity with specialised personnel.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Improve regulatory timelines.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Align with global approval standards.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. Why This Budget Intervention is Significant<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Integrates four critical pillars:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Manufacturing scale<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Skilled human resources<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Clinical trial infrastructure<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Regulatory efficiency<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Signals movement up the value chain:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>From cost-efficient generic manufacturing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>To innovation-driven, high-value biologics production.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Balances:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Public health priorities<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Economic competitiveness<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Global trade positioning<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>5. India\u2019s Existing Pharmaceutical Strength<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">3rd globally in pharma production by volume.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">11th globally by value.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Strong generics manufacturing base.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Expanding focus on high-value biopharma products.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>6. National Biopharma Mission (NBM) \u2013 \u201cInnovate in India (i3)\u201d<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Overview<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Launched in 2017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">\u20b91,500 crore outlay.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Co-funded by World Bank.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Implemented by BIRAC under DBT.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Objectives<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Build a $100 billion biotech industry.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Capture 5% of global pharma share.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Promote affordable vaccines, therapeutics, and diagnostics.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Achievements<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">101 projects supported.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">150+ organisations, 30 MSMEs involved.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">1,000+ jobs generated.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">850+ IP filings.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">120 technology transfers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">7,000+ trained in regulatory\/IP practices.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Clinical trial database with ~8 lakh volunteers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Supported development of:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>HPV and dengue vaccines<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cancer and diabetes biosimilars<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ZyCoV-D (DNA-based COVID-19 vaccine)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Startup Catalysis<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Backed nearly 10,000 bio-based startups since 2014.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Established ~100 incubation centres.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Examples:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Indigenous MRI scanner (Voxel Grids)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Biosimilar Liraglutide (Levim Lifetech)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>7. BIRAC-led Biotech Innovation Support<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Established in 2012 under DBT.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">95 bio-incubation centres nationwide.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Key schemes:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>BIG (\u20b950 lakh grants)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SEED Fund (\u20b930 lakh equity)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>LEAP Fund (\u20b9100 lakh equity)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u091c\u0928CARE \u2013 Amrit Grand Challenge (digital health innovation)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Focus on early-stage innovation and commercialisation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>8. Manufacturing and Industrial Policy Measures<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Key Schemes<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Production Linked Incentive (PLI)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Strengthening of Pharmaceutical Industry (SPI)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Bulk Drug Parks Scheme<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Objectives<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Reduce API import dependence.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Strengthen MSMEs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Upgrade facilities to WHO-GMP standards.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Improve supply chain resilience.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Promote export competitiveness.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>9. Promotion of Research and Innovation in Pharma-MedTech (PRIP)<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Launched in 2023.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">\u20b95,000 crore outlay.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Supports:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>New drugs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Biosimilars<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Complex generics<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Precision medicine<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Novel medical devices<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Promotes Centres of Excellence at NIPERs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Encourages industry\u2013academia collaboration.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>10. BioE3 Policy and Bio-RIDE Scheme<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>BioE3 Policy (2024)<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Focus: Biotechnology for economy, environment, employment.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Priority areas:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Precision biotherapeutics<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Biobased chemicals<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Functional foods<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Climate-resilient agriculture<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Carbon capture<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Marine and space biotech research.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Bio-RIDE Scheme<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">\u20b99,197 crore outlay.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Integrates:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>R&amp;D<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Industrial development<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Biomanufacturing and biofoundries.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Encourages entrepreneurship and sustainable innovation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>11. Broader Policy Architecture<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:17px\">The article highlights a coordinated ecosystem approach involving:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Research funding<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Startup incubation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Manufacturing incentives<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Regulatory reform<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Clinical infrastructure<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Workforce development<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">Global competitiveness strategy<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:17px\">This represents a shift from fragmented schemes to a more <strong>integrated biopharma ecosystem model<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>12. Overall Analytical Takeaways<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">India is deliberately repositioning itself from a <strong>\u201cpharmacy of the world\u201d (generics)<\/strong> to a <strong>biologics innovation powerhouse<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The Budget 2026\u201327 acts as a consolidation moment by:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Scaling prior missions<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Deepening regulatory capacity<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Expanding clinical infrastructure<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">The strategy links:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Health security<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Industrial policy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Export competitiveness<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Technological self-reliance (Atmanirbhar Bharat vision)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li style=\"font-size:17px\">If implemented effectively, these measures could:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Enhance affordable access to advanced biologics domestically<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Strengthen global supply chain integration<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Increase India\u2019s share in the $1+ trillion global pharma market<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sacred exposition of the Devnimori Relics of Lord Buddha Overview &amp; Context Diplomatic &amp; Civilisational Significance High-Level Delegation &amp; State Honours Venue in Sri Lanka Origin &amp; Archaeological Importance of the Devnimori Relics Description of the Relic Casket &amp; Contents Conservation &amp; Preservation Cultural Diplomacy &amp; Soft Power Impact Continuity with India\u2019s Global Buddhist Outreach [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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