Q1. How did the British East India Company gain the Diwani (right to collect revenue) of Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa?
- Through military conquest after the Battle of Plassey
- Through a treaty with the Nawab of Bengal, Mir Qasim
- By forcefully taking control after defeating Mir Jafar in battle
- Through a grant from the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II
Correct Option: 4. Through a grant from the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II.
Explanation: In 1765, the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II granted the Company the right to collect revenue (Diwani) of Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa after a treaty.
Q2. What were the consequences for the Nawab of Avadh after the British secured an alliance with him?
- The Nawab was forced to pay a war indemnity and became a British client state
- The Nawab was given military support against the Marathas
- The Nawab was removed from power and replaced by a British administrator
- The Nawab gained full independence from the British
Correct Option: 1. The Nawab was forced to pay a war indemnity and became a British client state.
Explanation: The Nawab of Avadh, Shuja-ud-Daulah, was forced to pay a war indemnity and entered into an alliance with the Company. The British took advantage of his position and made him dependent on them.
Q3. What was the British East India Company’s strategy for dealing with the Marathas and Avadh?
- The Company allied with the Marathas to defeat the Nawab of Avadh
- The Company used Avadh as a buffer state to protect British territories from the Marathas
- The Company conquered both the Marathas and Avadh
- The Company established an alliance with the Marathas and fought alongside them
Correct Option: 2. The Company used Avadh as a buffer state to protect British territories from the Marathas.
Explanation: The British used Avadh as a buffer state between their territories and the Marathas, ensuring that they could protect their possessions while manipulating local rulers.
Q4. What was the long-term effect of the “Dual Government” system in Bengal?
- It led to a prosperous and well-governed Bengal
- It allowed the Nawab to regain full control over Bengal
- It caused the collapse of the administrative system and widespread corruption
- It led to the formation of an independent Bengal under British protection
Correct Option: 3. It caused the collapse of the administrative system and widespread corruption.
Explanation: The “Dual Government” system allowed the Company to control revenue and military power, while the Nawab had no real power. This caused administrative collapse and exploitation, as the British profited without taking responsibility.
Q5. Who was Warren Hastings, and what role did he play in the British expansion in India?
- He was the first British Governor of Bengal
- He led British forces in the Battle of Plassey
- He was a British merchant who negotiated trade agreements with Indian rulers
- He was the Governor of Bengal who consolidated British control over the region
Correct Option: 4. He was the Governor of Bengal who consolidated British control over the region
Explanation: Warren Hastings served as the Governor of Bengal from 1772 to 1785 and played a crucial role in consolidating British control over the region, furthering their economic and political dominance in India.