Q1. Which of the following Princely state was not annexed by the “Doctrine of lapse” of East India Company?
- Satara
- Junagad
- Awadh
- Kurnool
Correct Option: 2. Junagad
Explanation : “Doctrine of Lapse” was the policy of annexation initiated by East India Company for the annexation of Princely states. As per the Doctrine, ruler of any princely state was either manifestly incompetent or died without a male heir, then the princely status would be abolished and the state would directly come under the British rule (East India company). This doctrine was vigorously used by Lord Dalhousie and hence this policy is widely associated with him. Junagad was not annexed using this doctrine. Following are few examples of princely states which were annexed by using this Doctrine.
-Awadh (oudh) (1856)
-Satara (1848)
-Kurnool (1839)
-Assam (1838)
-Arcot (1855)
-Jaitpur (1849
-Nagpur (1854)
-Jaswan (1849)
-Jhansi (1853)
-Kangra (1846) etc.
Q2. Which of the following mentioned can be termed as the causes for The Revolt of 1857?
a. Heavy taxation under new Revenue settlement.
b. Destruction of traditional handicrafts industry.
c. British interference in Socio-religious affairs of native Indians (such as support to widow remarriage and women’s education).
d. Denial of Foreign services allowance to the Sepoys of British Indian Army .
Which of the above statements are correct with respect to the above question?
- Only a & c
- Only d
- Only b & d
- All the statements
Correct Option: 4. All the statements are correct
Explanation : Following are the causes of The Revolt of 1857:-
Political Causes:-
Annexation of Princely states by the use Doctrine of Lapse, Non recognition of native rulers, East India Company’s policy of aggrandisement.
Socio-Religious Causes:-
Interference in Socio-religious affairs of native Indians (such as abolition of sati, support to widow remarriage and women’s education)
Administrative Causes:-
Rampant Corruption in the company’s administration, especially among the police, petty officials and lower law courts.
Influence of Outside Events:-
The revolt of 1857 coincided with certain outside events in which British suffered serious losses- the Firt Afghan War (1838-42), Punjab Wars (1845-49), Crimean Wars (1854-56), Santhal Rebellion (1855-57). These had influence the rebels.
Military Causes:-
Discontent among sepoy’s due to violation of religious beliefs (such as restriction on wearing sectarian marks, forcing sepoys to serve overseas without foreign allowances), long history of revolts in British Indian Army influenced the mind of sepoys (Revolt by Mangal Pande was one such incident) .
Q3. Match the centers of Revolt and their associated leaders.
| Centers of Revolt | Leaders |
|---|---|
| a. Delhi | i. General Bakht Khan |
| b. Kanpur | ii. Nana saheb |
| c. Lucknow | iii. Begum Hazrat Mahal |
| d. Bareilly | iv. Khan Bahadur |
| e. Bihar | v. Kunwar Singh |
| f. Faizabad | vi. Maulvi Ahmadullah |
| g. Jhansi | vii. Rani Laxmibai |
- (a-i), (b-ii), (c-iii), (d-iv), (e-v), (f-vi), (g-vii)
- (a-ii), (b-iii), (c-iv), (d-v), (e-vi), (f-i), (g-vii)
- (a-iii), (b-iv), (c-v), (d-vi). (e-i), (f-ii), (g-vii)
- (a-v), (b-iv), (c-iii), (d-vi), (e-i), (f-ii), (g-vii)
Correct Option: 1. (a-i), (b-ii), (c-iii), (d-iv), (e-v), (f-vi), (g-vii)
Explanation : Self explanatory.
Q4. Arrange the following events associated with British Indian Army in Chronological order.
a. First Afghan War
b. Crimean Wars
c. Punjab Wars
d. Santhal rebellion
Which is the correct chronological order?
- a, c, d, b
- c, b, d, a
- a, c, b, d
- c, d, a, b
Correct Option: 3. a, c, b, d
Explanation : First Afghan War (1838-42)
Punjab Wars (1845-49)
Crimean Wars (1854-56)
Santhal rebellion (1855-57) .
Q5.What are the causes of failure of the Revolt of 1857?
a. Limited territorial spread.
b. Lack of central leadership.
c. Mutineers had lack of resources as compared to Britishers.
d. Crucial support extended by some sections to Britishers.
Which of the statements in terms of the question are correct?
- Only a & b
- Only c
- Only a & d
- All the statements.
Correct Option: 4. All the statements.
Explanation : 1. Only central India, that too small pockets were affected by the Revolt. It mainly took place in Delhi, Kanpur, Lucknow, Bareilly, Bihar, Faizabad, Jhansi.
2. Bahadur shah zafar was proclaimed the emperor of India, but cordination and central leadership to carry out the revolt were missing.
3. The Indian soldiers fighting with swords and spears and few guns and muskets. whereas British soldiers were equipped with Enfield rifles. British commanders used electric telegraph to track the strategy and movement of the rebels.
4. Big zamindars, merchants, moneylenders supported the British. Modern Educated Indians viewed the revolt as backward looking. Most Indian rulers refused to join the revolt and gave active help to the Britishers. .