Q1. Which of the following is not the example of Abiotic Component?
- Geologic Substratum
- Radiation
- Rhizobium
- Gravity
Correct Option: 3. Rhizobium
Explanation : Rhizobium is not an Abiotic Component. It is a Biotic Component. An Abiotic component is a Non-living component of an Environment/Ecosystem. Following are few examples of Abiotic Component:-
-Water
-Soil
-Radiation
-Fire
-Heat
-Air/Atmospheric gases
-Topography
-Gravity
-Geologic Substratum
-Energy.
Q2. Which of the following is not the example of Biotic Component?
- Symbiont
- Argon content in Atmosphere
- Detrivores
- Autotrophs
Correct Option: 2. Argon content in Atmosphere
Explanation : Argon content in Atmosphere is an Abiotic Component. It is not a Biotic Component. A Biotic component is the Living thing in an Environment/Ecosystem. Following are the examples of Biotic component:-
-Symbiont:- Symbiont is an organism which lives in, on or in close proximity of another organism. Parasites are example of symbiont.
-Detrivores:- Detrivores are basically a decomposers which feed on the dead organic materials. Earthworm is one such example of Detrivore.
-Autotrophs:- These are producers and prepare food with help of photosynthesis. Green plants are the example of Autotrophs.
-Animal.
-Non Green Plants.
-Man
Q3. “Edge Species” exists in which of the following Environment?
- Ecotone
- Ecosystem
- Lake
- Evergreen forest
Correct Option: 1. Ecotone
Explanation : “Edge Species” are found in Ecotones. Ecotone is a zone, where two diverse Ecosystems meet or integrate. Ecotone can be a wide or narrow zone. It is a linear environment where one species increases with incoming ecosystem and decreases with outgoing ecosystem. Entirely different species, than that of adjacent ecosystems, are found in a well developed Ecotone. Sometime a species exists abundantly and with higher density as compared to that of adjacent ecosystems, this phenomenon is called “Edge Effect”. And an organism found abundantly in this Ecotone is called “Edge Species”.
Following are the examples of Edge Species:-
• Amphibians
• Birds
• Reptiles
• Corals
• Mammals
Following are the examples of Ecotone:-
• Mangrove forest (between Terrestrial and Marine Ecosystem)
• Marshland (between Dry and Wet Ecosystem)
• Estuaries (between Salt water and Fresh water)
• Grassland (between Desert and Forest)
Q4. Which of the following statement is not correct regarding the Niche?
- Niche describes the needs of a species for its survival.
- Two or more species can have identical niche.
- Habitat is a one type of niche.
- knowledge of niche is important to conserve the species.
Correct Option: 2. Two or more species can have identical niche.
Explanation : Option 2 is a wrong statement. Niche is unique for species, no two species can have identical niche. Niche is the description of all the Physical, Chemical and Biological factors required for the survival of a species. Knowledge of species’ niche helps us in conservation of that species. Following are the types of niche:-
• Habitat niche:- where does a species lives?
• Food niche:- What does a species eat?
• Reproductive niche:- How & when it reproduces.
• Environment niche:- water, land, heat requirement for the survival.
Q5. Which of the following statement is not correct regarding the Biome?
- No two Biomes are same.
- The climate determines the boundary between the two Biomes.
- Temperature & Precipitation factor differentiate the two Biomes
- Biomes include the Terrestrial & Marine regions of Biosphere.
Correct Option: 4. Biomes include the Terrestrial & Marine regions of Biosphere.
Explanation : Option 4 is a wrong statement. Biomes are the terrestrial regions of the Biosphere and not the Marine regions. These regions are differentiated on the basis of climatic condition, vegetation, life of Biotic components and type of soil. No two biomes are same.