Q1. What was the main purpose of the 95th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2009?
- To remove reservation for SCs/STs
- To extend reservation and special representation for SCs/STs and Anglo-Indians till 2020
- To end special educational grants
- To merge commissions for SCs and STs
Correct Option: 2. To extend reservation and special representation for SCs/STs and Anglo-Indians till 2020
Explanation: The 95th Amendment extended the provisions under Article 334, allowing reservation of seats for SCs/STs and nomination of Anglo-Indians in legislatures until January 25, 2020.
After 2020, The 104th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019 came into effect on 25th January 2020, which:
-Ended the provision of Anglo-Indian nomination in legislatures.
-Continued the reservation for SCs and STs for another 10 years, i.e., till 2030.
Q2. Who was the chairman of the Second Backward Classes Commission, which led to OBC reservations?
- Kaka Kalelkar
- U.N. Dhebar
- B.P. Mandal
- V.P. Singh
Correct Option: 3. B.P. Mandal
Explanation: B.P. Mandal chaired the Second Backward Classes Commission, popularly known as the Mandal Commission (1979), which recommended 27% reservation for OBCs in government jobs.
Q3. Which Article provides for Union control over the administration of Scheduled Areas and welfare of STs?
- Article 339
- Article 340
- Article 341
- Article 342
Correct Option: 1. Article 339
Explanation: Article 339 empowers the Union Government to direct states regarding the welfare and administration of Scheduled Tribes and Scheduled Areas. It also mandates a commission every 10 years.
Q4. What does Article 335 deal with?
- Reservation in education
- Representation in Rajya Sabha
- Claims of SCs and STs in services and posts
- Welfare schemes for OBCs
Correct Option: 3. Claims of SCs and STs in services and posts
Explanation: Article 335 states that the claims of SCs and STs must be considered in appointments to public services without affecting administrative efficiency. The 82nd Amendment allowed relaxation in marks for promotions.
Q5. What is the constitutional definition of an Anglo-Indian?
- A person of Indian origin living abroad
- A person with Indian and Portuguese ancestry
- A person whose mother is Indian and father is African
- A person with a male European ancestor and domiciled in India
Correct Option: 4. A person with a male European ancestor and domiciled in India
Explanation: The Constitution defines an Anglo-Indian as a person whose father or other male ancestors were of European descent but who is domiciled and born in India, with parents not there for temporary purposes.