Q1. Which of the following pollutants is primarily responsible for causing bronchitis and asthma in humans?
- Carbon Dioxide
- Nitrogen Oxides
- Ozone
- Lead
Correct Option: 2. Nitrogen Oxides
Explanation: Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) cause inflammation in the lungs, breathlessness, and are known to cause bronchitis and asthma due to their impact on the respiratory system.
Q2. Which pollutant leads to the depletion of the ozone layer and contributes to global warming?
- Carbon Monoxide
- Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
- Ozone
- Smog
Correct Option: 2. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
Explanation: CFCs are synthetic compounds that deplete the ozone layer by breaking down ozone molecules in the stratosphere. They also act as greenhouse gases, contributing to global warming.
Q3. What is the health effect of Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM)?
- Lung irritation and pulmonary malfunctioning
- Kidney damage
- Eye blindness
- Nervous system damage
Correct Option: 1. Lung irritation and pulmonary malfunctioning
Explanation: SPM can enter the lungs and cause irritation, reduce red blood cell (RBC) development, and impair overall lung function.
Q4. Which pollutant, commonly found in tobacco smoke, is carcinogenic and damages the lungs?
- Hydrocarbons
- Lead
- Mercury
- Carbon Dioxide
Correct Option: 1. Hydrocarbons
Explanation: Hydrocarbons are found in tobacco smoke and industrial emissions. Many are carcinogenic and cause damage to the lungs, kidneys, and other organs.
Q5. Which of the following causes “black lung disease” in coal mine workers?
- Carbon Monoxide
- Silica Dust
- Coal Dust
- Asbestos Dust
Correct Option: 3. Coal Dust
Explanation: Coal dust inhalation leads to black lung disease, a form of pulmonary fibrosis common in coal miners due to long-term exposure to fine coal particles.