Q1. What is the major effect of sulphur dioxide on plants?
- Increases photosynthesis
- Causes chlorosis and metabolic inhibition
- Promotes flowering
- Enhances fruit production
Correct Option: 2. Causes chlorosis and metabolic inhibition
Explanation: Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) cause inflammation in the lungs, breathlessness, and are known to cause bronchitis and asthma due to their impact on the respiratory system.
Q2. Which pollutant is mainly responsible for brain and central nervous system damage, especially in children?
- Cadmium
- Lead
- Mercury
- Ozone
Correct Option: 2. Lead
Explanation: Lead exposure affects brain development, particularly in children. It impairs intelligence, interferes with red blood cell production, and can damage kidneys and the central nervous system.
Q3. Which of the following causes Byssinosis, a disease affecting the lungs of textile workers?
- Cotton Dust
- Asbestos Dust
- Silica Dust
- Mercury Vapors
Correct Option: 1. Cotton Dust
Explanation: Cotton dust from textile factories can cause Byssinosis, a chronic lung condition that involves coughing, wheezing, and breathlessness.
Q4. What is a major environmental effect of hydrocarbons like ethylene on plants?
- Increased leaf size
- Leaf discoloration and premature leaf fall
- Boosted seed production
- Growth of invasive species
Correct Option: 2. Leaf discoloration and premature leaf fall
Explanation: Hydrocarbons like ethylene affect plants by causing the early fall of leaves and fruits, curling of petals, and discoloration of plant parts.
Q5. Which pollutant in smog causes chest pain and breathing difficulty, especially during physical activity?
- Carbon Dioxide
- Ozone
- Lead
- Sulphur Dioxide
Correct Option: 2. Ozone
Explanation: Ground-level ozone, a key component of smog, irritates the lungs and leads to chest pain and difficulty in breathing, especially during outdoor activities.