Q1. Under which Article of the Constitution is the appointment of District Judges governed?
- Article 237
- Article 234
- Article 236
- Article 233
Correct Option: 4. Article 233.
Explanation: Article 233 of the Indian Constitution deals with the appointment, posting, and promotion of District Judges. It states that such appointments are made by the Governor of the state in consultation with the High Court. The candidate must not be in government service, must have practiced as an advocate for at least seven years, and must be recommended by the High Court.
Q2. Who controls the posting, promotion, and leave of judicial officers below the rank of District Judge?
- State Public Service Commission
- Governor
- President
- High Court
Correct Option: 4. High Court.
Explanation: As per Article 235 of the Constitution, the High Court has control over subordinate courts, which includes decisions related to posting, promotion, and leave of judicial officers below the rank of District Judge.
Q3. What is the maximum sentence a Sessions Judge can impose?
- Any sentence including death penalty
- Seven years imprisonment
- Life imprisonment only
- Three years imprisonment
Correct Option: 1. Any sentence including death penalty.
Explanation: A Sessions Judge, who is the same person as the District Judge in criminal matters, has the authority to impose any sentence, including life imprisonment and death sentence. However, a death sentence must be confirmed by the High Court, even if no appeal is filed.
Q4. Which of the following courts handles civil suits of small pecuniary value?
- Sessions Court
- Court of Munsiff
- City Civil Court
- High Court
Correct Option: 2. Court of Munsiff.
Explanation: The Court of Munsiff is the lowest level civil court in the judicial hierarchy. It has limited jurisdiction and handles civil cases with small pecuniary stakes, as specified by the state laws.
Q5. What is the role of the Governor in appointing persons other than District Judges to the state judicial service?
- Appoints them independently
- Appoints after consulting the President
- Appoints after consulting the High Court and State Public Service Commission
- Appoints with the approval of the Supreme Court
Correct Option: 3. Appoints after consulting the High Court and State Public Service Commission.
Explanation: According to Article 234, the Governor appoints persons other than District Judges to the state judicial service after consulting the State Public Service Commission and the High Court. This ensures checks and balances in judicial appointments.