Q1. Under which Article of the Indian Constitution is free legal aid to the poor and weaker sections of society provided?
- Article 14
- Article 22(1)
- Article 39A
- Article 21
Correct Option: 3. Article 39A.
Explanation: Article 39A of the Indian Constitution specifically mandates the State to promote justice by providing free legal aid to ensure that opportunities for securing justice are not denied to any citizen by reason of economic or other disabilities. While Articles 14 and 22(1) support legal equality and protection, Article 39A directly deals with free legal aid.
Q2. Which of the following is not eligible for free legal services under NALSA guidelines?
- A businessman with ₹5 lakh annual income
- Victims of natural disasters
- Industrial workmen
- Women and children
Correct Option: 1. A businessman with ₹5 lakh annual income.
Explanation: Only individuals with an annual income not exceeding ₹1 lakh (₹1.25 lakh for cases in the Supreme Court) are eligible for free legal services. A businessman earning ₹5 lakh annually exceeds the income threshold and is therefore not eligible, while the others fall under specific eligible categories like women, children, disaster victims, and workmen.
-Kindly note threshold income level may be changed by the competent authority over the time.
Q3. What is the status of a Lok Adalat award?
- It is advisory only
- It is not binding
- It can be appealed in a higher court
- It is final and binding as a decree of a civil court
Correct Option: 4. It is final and binding as a decree of a civil court.
Explanation: Awards passed by Lok Adalats are final, binding, and enforceable like a civil court decree. No appeal lies against a Lok Adalat award, ensuring quick and final resolution of disputes.
Q4. Which of the following disputes cannot be taken up by a Lok Adalat?
- Bank recovery cases
- Murder cases
- Family disputes
- Compoundable criminal cases
Correct Option: 2. Murder cases.
Explanation: Lok Adalats do not have jurisdiction over non-compoundable criminal offences, such as murder, rape, or dacoity. They can handle compoundable offences and civil matters like bank recoveries and family disputes.
Q5. What is one key advantage of Lok Adalats over regular courts, as recognized by the Supreme Court?
- Strict application of procedural laws
- Higher court fees
- Quick, flexible, and informal settlement process
- Appeal rights available after the decision
Correct Option: 3. Quick, flexible, and informal settlement process.
Explanation: The Supreme Court recognizes that Lok Adalats offer speedy, informal, and cost-effective justice. They do not apply strict procedural laws like the Civil Procedure Code or Evidence Act, allowing for easier dispute resolution.