Q1. Which body is referred to as the “guardian of the public purse” in India?
- Election Commission
- Union Public Service Commission
- Comptroller and Auditor General of India
- Finance Commission
Correct Option: 3. Comptroller and Auditor General of India
Explanation: The Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) audits the accounts of the central and state governments and ensures that public funds are used legally and properly, hence acting as the guardian of the public purse.
Q2. Article 352 of the Indian Constitution deals with:
- Financial Emergency
- National Emergency
- State Emergency
- Internal Disturbance
Correct Option: 2. National Emergency
Explanation: Article 352 provides for the declaration of National Emergency in the event of war, external aggression, or armed rebellion.
Q3. Which Constitutional Amendment granted constitutional status to Panchayati Raj institutions?
- 73rd Amendment
- 86th Amendment
- 97th Amendment
- 44th Amendment
Correct Option: 1. 73rd Amendment
Explanation: The 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1992 gave constitutional status to Panchayati Raj institutions by adding Part IX and Schedule 11 to the Constitution.
Q4. What kind of emergency transforms India’s federal structure into a unitary one?
- State Emergency
- National Emergency
- Financial Emergency
- Both A and C
Correct Option: 2. National Emergency
Explanation: During a National Emergency, the Indian federal system becomes effectively unitary, centralizing power with the Union government without formally amending the Constitution.
Q5. Which Amendment of the Indian Constitution added Part IX-B related to co-operative societies?
- 97th Amendment
- 73rd Amendment
- 42nd Amendment
- 86th Amendment
Correct Option: 1. 97th Amendment
Explanation: The 97th Constitutional Amendment Act (2011) introduced Part IX-B to ensure the democratic and autonomous functioning of co-operative societies.