Q1. Which of the following is NOT a valid restriction on the right to assemble peacefully under Article 19?
- Public order
- Sovereignty and integrity of India
- Maintenance of traffic
- Maintenance of religious harmony
Correct Option: 4. Maintenance of religious harmony.
Explanation: While religious harmony is important, it is not explicitly listed as a ground for restricting the right to assemble under Article 19(3). Only public order and sovereignty/integrity of India are valid grounds.
Q2. The right to move freely throughout the territory of India is subject to which of the following restrictions?
- National security and sovereignty
- Public interest and protection of scheduled tribes
- Religious sentiments
- Economic disparity
Correct Option: 2. Public interest and protection of scheduled tribes.
Explanation: Article 19(5) allows the State to impose restrictions on movement and residence in the interest of the general public or to protect the interests of Scheduled Tribes.
Q3. Which of the following is true regarding Article 20(1) – Ex-post-facto law?
- It applies to both criminal and civil laws
- It allows retrospective criminal punishment
- It prohibits retrospective criminal punishment
- It allows retrospective tax laws only
Correct Option: 3. It prohibits retrospective criminal punishment.
Explanation: Article 20(1) prohibits punishing someone for an act that was not an offence at the time it was committed. It applies only to criminal laws, not to civil or tax laws.
Q4. The right to practice any profession or trade is subject to all of the following EXCEPT:
- Public interest
- Technical qualifications
- Monopoly by the State
- Religious beliefs
Correct Option: 4. Religious beliefs.
Explanation: Article 19(6) permits the State to regulate professions in public interest, require qualifications, and even create monopolies. However, religious beliefs are not a listed restriction under this clause.
Q5. Which one of the following does NOT fall under self-incrimination protection of Article 20(3)?
- Forced oral confession
- Forced thumb impression
- Forced written confession
- Forced signing of a statement
Correct Option: 2. Forced thumb impression.
Explanation: Article 20(3) protects a person from being forced to testify against themselves (self-incrimination). However, physical evidence like thumb impressions, blood samples, etc., are NOT protected.