Q1. Which of the following rights is NOT part of Article 19 of the Indian Constitution?
- Right to freedom of speech and expression
- Right to constitutional remedies
- Right to form associations or unions
- Right to move freely throughout India
Correct Option: 2. Right to constitutional remedies.
Explanation: Article 19 guarantees six specific freedoms. The right to constitutional remedies is a separate fundamental right under Article 32, not part of Article 19.
Q2. The right to strike is:
- A fundamental right
- A legal right enforceable under Article 19
- Not a fundamental right
- A part of freedom of speech and expression
Correct Option: 3. Not a fundamental right.
Explanation: While peaceful protest or picketing is protected, the right to strike is not a fundamental right. It may be regulated under industrial laws, but it is not protected by Article 19.
Q3. Which of the following restrictions is NOT allowed under Article 19(1)(a) – Freedom of Speech and Expression?
- Public order
- Decency or morality
- Defamation
- National development
Correct Option: 4. National development.
Explanation: The Constitution lists specific grounds (like public order, defamation, etc.) for restricting speech. National development is not among the valid grounds under Article 19(2).
Q4. Which freedom is protected under Article 19 but NOT available to foreigners?
- Freedom of religion
- Freedom of trade and business
- Freedom of life and liberty
- Freedom from exploitation
Correct Option: 2. Freedom of trade and business
Explanation: Article 19 applies only to Indian citizens, not to foreigners. While Articles 21 (life) and 25 (religion) apply to all persons, foreigners cannot claim the right to trade/business under Article 19.
Q5. The Supreme Court held that the ‘freedom of speech’ includes which of the following?
- Right to remain silent
- Right to telecast
- Freedom of commercial advertisements
- All of the above
Correct Option: 4. All of the above
Explanation: Over time, the Supreme Court has expanded the scope of Article 19(1)(a) (Freedom of Speech) to include:
*Right to silence
*Right to commercial speech (ads)
*Right to broadcast on electronic media