MCQs on Current Affairs 10.12.2025

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Q1. Who of the following became Prime Minister of the Czech Republic in 2025?

  1. Petr Fiala
  2. Bohuslav Sobotka
  3. Andrej Babiš
  4. Miloš Zeman

Correct Option: 3. Andrej Babiš.
Explanation:
Andrej Babiš has been appointed as the Prime minister of Czech Republic.

Q2. Which of the following initiatives was introduced by the Government to ensure timely and transparent settlement of crop insurance claims under PMFBY?

  1. Fasal Bima Pathshala
  2. Meri Policy Mere Haath
  3. DigiClaim Module
  4. YESTECH System

Correct Option: 3. DigiClaim Module.
Explanation:
• DigiClaim Module was specifically introduced to improve the claim disbursal process under PMFBY.
• It integrates the National Crop Insurance Portal (NCIP) with the Public Finance Management System (PFMS) and the accounting systems of insurance companies.
• This ensures that crop insurance claims are processed in a timely, automated, and transparent manner from Kharif 2022 onwards.
Why the other options are incorrect:
1. Fasal Bima Pathshala:
• An awareness and education initiative conducted at the village or Gram Panchayat level to inform farmers about scheme features.
• Not related to claim settlement.
2. Meri Policy Mere Haath:
• A campaign for distributing hard copies of insurance policy receipts to farmers.
• Helps in documentation and awareness, but does not improve claim processing.
4. YESTECH System:
• A technology-based system for yield estimation, helping in accurate assessment of crop loss.
• While useful, it is not specifically designed for claim settlement transparency.

Q3. Which AI-based tool helps farmers receive voice-based assistance regarding schemes like PM-Kisan, PMFBY, and Kisan Credit Card?

  1. National Pest Surveillance System
  2. Kisan e-Mitra
  3. AIFS (Artificial Intelligence Forecasting System)
  4. NeuralGCM

Correct Option: 2. Kisan e-Mitra
Explanation:
• Kisan e-Mitra is an AI-powered voice-based chatbot designed to respond to farmers’ queries on government schemes such as PM-Kisan, PM Fasal Bima Yojana, and Kisan Credit Card.
• It supports 11 regional languages, handles 8,000+ queries per day, and has answered 93 lakh+ queries so far.
• It improves accessibility and ensures that farmers get accurate information without needing physical visits to offices.
Why others are incorrect:
• 1. National Pest Surveillance System – Detects pest infestations using AI/ML; not a voice chatbot.
• 3. AIFS – An AI weather forecasting system used in monsoon prediction.
• 4. NeuralGCM – Part of an AI blended model for monsoon onset forecasting.

Q4. Which of the following best describes the hybrid model proposed by the DPIIT Committee for regulating generative AI training and copyright?

  1. AI developers must individually negotiate licences with all content owners before using any copyrighted material for training.
  2. AI developers may freely use copyrighted works for training but must never pay any royalties at any stage.
  3. AI developers receive a blanket licence for training, and royalties become payable only upon commercialisation, managed through a centralised royalty system.
  4. AI developers must pay royalties upfront before training AI models, with rates fixed permanently by copyright societies.

Correct Option: 3. AI developers receive a blanket licence for training, and royalties become payable only upon commercialisation, managed through a centralised royalty system
Explanation:
• The DPIIT Committee rejects the zero-price license model (Option B) because it would undermine incentives for human creativity.
Instead, it recommends a hybrid approach:
• Blanket licence → AI developers can train their models using all lawfully accessed content without individual negotiations (addresses feasibility and transaction costs).
• Royalties payable only at commercialisation → Ensures creators are compensated when AI outputs start generating revenue.
• Centralised royalty collection and distribution mechanism → Reduces administrative burden and ensures equitable access for both large and small AI developers.
• Royalty rates will be set by a government-appointed committee, subject to judicial review.

Q5. What is the purpose of the ₹1-lakh-crore Research, Development and Innovation (RDI) Fund under DST for the 6G mission?

  1. To fund only 5G prototype development in urban labs
  2. To boost frontier research in AI-native networks, semiconductors, photonics, sensing, cybersecurity, and satellite–terrestrial integration
  3. To exclusively support international 6G collaborations
  4. To provide commercial subsidies to telecom consumers

Correct Option: 2. To boost frontier research in AI-native networks, semiconductors, photonics, sensing, cybersecurity, and satellite–terrestrial integration
Explanation:
The RDI Fund, anchored within ANRF, is one of India’s largest public research support frameworks.
Its goal is to strengthen frontier R&D in areas critical for future 6G development, including:
• AI-native networks
• Semiconductors
• Photonics
• Sensing
• Cybersecurity
• Satellite–terrestrial integration

Q6. The vision “Sahakar Se Samriddhi” was launched in India in connection with which major government decision?

  1. Introduction of the National Cooperative Policy 2025
  2. Establishment of the Ministry of Cooperation
  3. Launch of Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana
  4. Approval of the PACS Computerisation Project

Correct Option: 2. Establishment of the Ministry of Cooperation
Explanation:
• The vision “Sahakar Se Samriddhi” (Prosperity through Cooperation) was formally launched when the Government of India created the Ministry of Cooperation on 6 July 2021.
• The Ministry was established to strengthen and modernise the cooperative movement across the country, and “Sahakar Se Samriddhi” became its core guiding principle.
• Options 1, 3, and 4 are later initiatives that fall under the broader cooperative reforms, but none of them mark the launch of the vision.

Q7. Which of the following is a key objective of the national ERP-based computerisation of Primary Agricultural Credit Societies (PACS)?

  1. To ensure real-time data transparency and improve governance
  2. To privatise cooperative societies for better competition
  3. To allow PACS to directly participate in international trade
  4. To enable PACS to function as full-fledged commercial banks

Correct Option: 1. To ensure real-time data transparency and improve governance
Explanation:
The ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning)-based common national software being implemented for PACS is meant to:
• improve transparency,
• provide real-time record-keeping,
• standardise accounting through CAS (Common Accounting System),
• enhance governance,
• reduce transaction costs, and
• make operations more efficient and trustworthy for farmers.

Q8. Deepavali was recently inscribed on which UNESCO list?

  1. World Heritage Sites List
  2. Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
  3. Memory of the World Register
  4. Global Geoparks Network

Correct Option: 2. Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
Explanation:
• Deepavali has been recognized as a living tradition, highlighting its people-centric practices, cultural diversity, and continuity across generations.
• The Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity is designed to safeguard non-physical cultural expressions, such as festivals, rituals, crafts, and oral traditions.
• Options 1, 3, and 4 are related to physical heritage (monuments, manuscripts, geological sites), which are not applicable to a festival like Deepavali.

Q9. What was showcased in the ‘Triumph from the Sky-71’ exhibition organized by the Indian Air Force?

  1. Rare archival photographs from the 1971 war and a replica of the Swarnim Vijay Mashal
  2. Military medals and awards of 1971 war veterans
  3. A documentary on the evolution of Indian Air Force since independence
  4. Modern aircraft and fighter jets of the Indian Air Force

Correct Option: 1. Rare archival photographs from the 1971 war and a replica of the Swarnim Vijay Mashal
Explanation:
The ‘Triumph from the Sky-71’ exhibition was organized during the commemoration of India’s victory in the 1971 war at Air Force Station Mohanbari, Assam.
It displayed:
• Archival photographs documenting significant events and missions from the 1971 war.
• A replica of the Swarnim Vijay Mashal, which is the ceremonial flame symbolizing India’s decisive victory.

Q10. Which of the following statements best describes the primary objective of India’s proposed Maitri-II Research Station in Antarctica?

  1. To establish a new tourism facility to promote Antarctic travel
  2. To create a year-round, state-of-the-art hub for advanced multidisciplinary scientific research
  3. To replace India’s Dakshin Gangotri Station with a military-grade logistics centre
  4. To set up a temporary summer research camp focused only on atmospheric studies

Correct Option: 2. To create a year-round, state-of-the-art hub for advanced multidisciplinary scientific research
Explanation:
The Maitri-II is conceived as a state-of-the-art, year-round research hub aimed at significantly enhancing India’s scientific capability across multiple disciplines, including biology, earth sciences, glaciology, atmospheric sciences, climate research and long-term environmental monitoring.

Q11. In the 75,000 sq. km area allocated to India in the Central Indian Ocean Basin, which metal is present in the highest average percentage within the estimated polymetallic nodules?

  1. Cobalt
  2. Nickel
  3. Copper
  4. Manganese

Correct Option: 4. Manganese
Explanation:
The average metal composition of the 366 million metric tons of nodules found in the allotted seabed area:
• Cobalt: 0.14%
• Nickel: 1.14%
• Copper: 1.09%
• Manganese: 25.2%
Among these, Manganese (25.2%) is by far the highest percentage, forming the bulk of the polymetallic nodule composition.

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