Q1. What is the main reason for providing security of tenure to judges of the Supreme Court?
- To limit the power of the executive and legislature over the judiciary.
- To allow them to serve for life without any accountability.
- To prevent interference and ensure impartiality in their judgments.
- To make the judicial system more flexible.
Correct Option: 3. To prevent interference and ensure impartiality in their judgments.
Explanation: The security of tenure is meant to protect judges from external pressures and allow them to make decisions impartially without fear of removal or retribution.
Q2. Who of the following determines the salaries, allowances, and privileges of the Supreme Court judges?
- The President.
- The Chief Justice of India.
- The Parliament.
- The Cabinet.
Correct Option: 3. The Parliament.
Explanation: The Parliament determines the salaries, allowances, and privileges of the judges of the Supreme Court, ensuring they are fixed and cannot be altered to their disadvantage, except during a financial emergency.
Q3. Where are the salaries, allowances, and administrative expenses of the Supreme Court charged?
- The National Reserve Fund.
- The Consolidated Fund of India.
- The Finance Ministry Fund.
- The Judiciary Fund.
Correct Option: 2. The Consolidated Fund of India.
Explanation: The salaries, allowances, pensions, and administrative expenses of the judges and staff of the Supreme Court are charged on the Consolidated Fund of India, ensuring they are not subject to the annual budget approval by Parliament.
Q4. Under what circumstances can the conduct of a judge be discussed in Parliament or a State Legislature?
- Only when an impeachment motion is under consideration.
- Whenever there is a controversy.
- Only with the approval of the President.
- Anytime the judge is on trial.
Correct Option: 1. Only when an impeachment motion is under consideration.
Explanation: The conduct of Supreme Court judges cannot be discussed in Parliament or a State Legislature except when an impeachment motion is being considered, thus safeguarding their independence.
Q5. What restriction is placed on retired Supreme Court judges in terms of legal practice?
- They are allowed to continue practicing in any court in India.
- They can practice in any court except the Supreme Court.
- They are prohibited from pleading or acting in any court or before any authority in India.
- They can practice in the High Courts only.
Correct Option: 3. They are prohibited from pleading or acting in any court or before any authority in India.
Explanation: Retired Supreme Court judges are prohibited from practicing in any court or before any authority within India, ensuring that they do not have conflicts of interest or influence future judicial decisions.