Q1. In which of the following ways can the ideals of Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity in the Preamble be violated constitutionally?
- If a state enacts law based on religion
- If Fundamental Rights are suspended under Article 352
- If state curbs press freedom under Article 19(2)
- If Parliament passes a law restricting child marriage
Correct Option: 2. If Fundamental Rights are suspended under Article 352
Explanation: During national emergency (Article 352), certain Fundamental Rights (especially Article 19) can be suspended, which may infringe the liberty and equality ideals of the Preamble.
Q2. The term “Socialist” in the Preamble refers to a system that ensures:
- Complete nationalization of all industries
- Abolition of all private property
- Coexistence of public and private sectors with a focus on welfare
- Rule by a working-class council
Correct Option: 3. Coexistence of public and private sectors with a focus on welfare
Explanation: Indian socialism is democratic socialism, supporting a mixed economy with both public and private sectors, and focuses on reducing inequalities without abolishing private ownership.
Q3. The concept of “Fraternity” in the Preamble seeks to promote which of the following values?
- Majority rule in all policy decisions
- Supremacy of legislature over executive
- Dignity of the individual and unity and integrity of the nation
- Equal reservation for all castes and religions
Correct Option: 3. Dignity of the individual and unity and integrity of the nation
Explanation: The Preamble explicitly states that Fraternity assures the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the nation, highlighting social harmony as a constitutional goal.
Q4. The phrase “We, the people of India…” implies which constitutional principle?
- Legal sovereignty of Parliament
- Popular sovereignty
- Nominal sovereignty of the President
- Judicial supremacy
Correct Option: 2. Popular sovereignty
Explanation: The phrase reflects popular sovereignty, meaning that ultimate power lies with the people, who are the source of the Constitution’s authority..
Q5. Which of the following doctrines was evolved partly by interpreting the Preamble in the Kesavananda Bharati case?
- Doctrine of Eclipse
- Doctrine of Severability
- Basic Structure Doctrine
- Harmonious Construction
Correct Option: 3. Basic Structure Doctrine
Explanation: In Kesavananda Bharati (1973), the Supreme Court evolved the Basic Structure Doctrine, holding that certain features of the Constitution, including those in the Preamble, are unalterable.